Almost Associative Operations Generating a Minimal Clone
نویسنده
چکیده
Characterizations of ‘almost associative’ binary operations generating a minimal clone are given for two interpretations of the term ‘almost associative’. One of them uses the associative spectrum, the other one uses the index of nonassociativity to measure how far an operation is from being associative.
منابع مشابه
The Non-symmetric Operad Pre-lie Is Free
Operads are a specific tool for encoding type of algebras. For instance there are operads encoding associative algebras, commutative and associative algebras, Lie algebras, pre-Lie algebras, dendriform algebras, Poisson algebras and so on. A usual way of describing a type of algebras is by giving the generating operations and the relations among them. For instance a Lie algebra L is a vector sp...
متن کاملTrialgebras and families of polytopes
We show that the family of standard simplices and the family of Stasheff polytopes are dual to each other in the following sense. The chain modules of the standard simplices, resp. the Stasheff polytopes, assemble to give an operad. We show that these operads are dual of each other in the operadic sense. The main result of this paper is to show that they are both Koszul operads. This theorem ap...
متن کاملGeneralized hyperideals in locally associative left almost semihypergroups
In this paper, we introduce the concept of a locally associative LA-semihypergroup by generalizing the idea of a locally associative LA-semigroup given in Mushtaq–Yusuf, 1979, and study an (m,n)regular class of a locally associative LA-semihypergroup. We give some examples to connect an LA-semihypergroup with commutative hypergroups and commutative semihypergroups. We also characterize a locall...
متن کاملOperads from posets and Koszul duality
We introduce a functor As from the category of posets to the category of nonsymmetric binary and quadratic operads, establishing a new connection between these two categories. Each operad obtained by the construction As provides a generalization of the associative operad because all of its generating operations are associative. This construction has a very singular property: the operads obtaine...
متن کاملSmall clones and the projection property
In 1986, the second author classified the minimal clones on a finite universe into five types. We extend this classification to infinite universes and to multiclones. We show that every non-trivial clone contains a ”small” clone of one of the five types. From it we deduce, in part, an earlier result, namely that if C is a clone on a universe A with at least two elements, that contains all const...
متن کامل